[Abstract] At present, there are many types, large number and frequent changes in the operation and maintenance of communication optical cables in Chengdu power grid. Due to the lack of professional optical cable management system, the information records are scattered and incomplete information, which makes troubleshooting and cable search very difficult. At the same time, due to the lack of quality statistics related to optical cables and fiber cores. It is impossible to warn the faulty optical cable section, and it cannot provide accurate data support for the planning and decision-making of new cables and the efficient use of existing cables. Therefore, based on the establishment of a precise optical cable database, combined with visual information processing, multi-dimensional analysis model and all-round data governance capabilities, a perfect optical cable big data comprehensive platform is built to carry out auxiliary analysis and decision-making of optical cable. Through the deployment and use in the Chengdu power grid, the full life cycle management of optical cable resources is carried out, the use of big data analysis to improve the value of information and management quality and efficiency, reduce the cost of operation and maintenance per capita, and finally realize the "communication map".
Introduction:
At present, there are many types, large number and frequent changes of communication optical cables in the operation and maintenance of power grid companies, but there is no professional optical cable maintenance management system based on geographic information system. The auxiliary monitoring equipment is insufficient, resulting in scattered optical cable routing information records, incomplete information, and complete lack of partial optical cable connection and routing information. It makes it very difficult to locate the cable during troubleshooting, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the maintenance cost is high. At the same time, it lacks maintenance and quality statistics related to optical cables and fiber cores. It is impossible to predict or warn whether the optical cable segment is in the quality state of rectification or replacement, let alone provide accuracy for the planning and decision of the new cable and the efficient use of existing cables. Accurate data information support.
With the deepening of digitalization and lean transformation, higher requirements are put forward for the intelligent operation and maintenance of communication equipment, optical cables and networks. The optical cable intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance management system, which is mainly characterized by intelligent operation and maintenance such as optical cable resource management, real-time monitoring, perceptual analysis, and routing optimization, is aimed at the new generation of intelligent operation and maintenance. The system integrates optical cable resource management, monitoring and analysis, alarm and path optimization. It plays an important role in early detection of hidden dangers in optical cable lines, reducing obstacles and changing passive maintenance into active maintenance. It can be combined with the geographic information system [2-4] to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the optical cable network, so that Realize real-time intelligent monitoring and maintenance management of optical cable physical resources [5].
Based on the establishment of a precise optical cable database, combined with visual information processing, multi-dimensional analysis model and all-round data governance capabilities, Chengdu Power Grid builds a perfect optical cable big data comprehensive platform to carry out auxiliary analysis and decision-making of optical cable .
Further realize the in-depth integration of optical cable-related industrial resources, including the vertical integration within the industrial value chain and the horizontal integration between the industrial ecological chain; and finally form an information-based optical cable management development model based on big data intelligent analysis.
I. Background
In the process of changing the state of the power optical cable, there is no corresponding detection and management system to monitor the operation and quality of the optical cable. The maintenance personnel cannot grasp the data in real time and cannot give early warning. In addition, after the accident, the accident data cannot be reflected in real time, the data inquiry is difficult, and the fault point cannot be located in time, which directly affects the timeliness of accident handling.
The operation and maintenance of the optical cable system mainly faces the following problems:
1. The power optical cable network is developing rapidly, but there is no optical cable resource management platform, and there is only a single line fiber core resource record, which cannot intuitively and systematically present the company’s optical cable routing resources;
2. There are many municipal projects , and the optical cable is easy to break and difficult to maintain. The operation and maintenance department lacks professional test technicians, and the fault location is not accurate, resulting in untimely fault response and long recovery interruption time;
3. Optical cable has been deployed early, has caused aging, high loss, and often interrupted. However, at present, the commonly used optical cable monitoring methods, such as OTDR and equipment port fault alarm, are all post-monitoring and processing. They cannot be warned in advance, historical data are difficult to manage and compare, and optical fiber aging and deterioration are difficult to track;
4. Manual line patrol, large investment in personnel, long inspection cycle, only periodic non-real-time monitoring.
At present, the operation and maintenance of optical cables still rely on the traditional manual inspection method, and there is a general lack of monitoring means in all maintenance units. Optical cable maintenance generally relies on inspectors to patrol along the optical cable to achieve daily maintenance work, with a large amount of manpower investment.
The aging and deterioration of optical cables gradually appears. With destructive accidents such as environment, climate, improper construction, etc., this kind of visual inspection is often difficult to find faults in time. Therefore, it is very difficult to monitor optical fiber by relying on the traditional manual inspection method, and it is difficult to find the gradual deterioration of the quality of optical fiber. When the communication optical cable block fault occurs, it can be found that the hidden danger has become a fault.
Usually, the criterion of optical cable failure depends on the monitoring unit of the transmission equipment. The network management monitoring personnel initially judge that the reason for the alarm is the optical cable and then notify the line maintenance unit to carry out emergency maintenance. The operation and maintenance unit manually operates the OTDR optical time domain reflector, optical power meter and other instruments to measure the approximate location of the optical cable failure, and then the maintenance personnel arrive at the site for emergency repair. According to the experience, the fault point is determined to be found step by paragraph, and the optical cable is restored after re-fusing the optical fiber welding machine on site, so as to solve the fault.
II. Function Implementation
As of 2020, there are a total of 1,070 optical cables under the jurisdiction of Chengdu Power Supply Company, a total of 11468km, and auxiliary decision-making analysis for optical cable analysis is imperative. Starting from the establishment of health files for each optical cable, scientific decision-making on the high-quality and efficient operation of optical cables through data analysis, and replacing one problematic optical cable without missing one more healthy optical cable.
In the management of optical cable routing, the conventional parameters such as optical cable specifications, type, topology, number of cores, business level, jurisdiction are carried out statistically managed. In addition, according to the business requirements and data collection characteristics, the length of the optical cable, environmental pictures, geographical positioning, etc. at each carrying facility are actually collected to coordinate the cable. Business migration and fault location make a data foundation.
Optical cable core is the basic unit of business bearing. The management of fiber core is particularly important for the management of optical cable resources, scheduling, construction and business quality.
The basic functions are as follows:
1. Fiber routing is displayed on the GIS map. Business light is generally not fully carried in the same optical cable segment. It needs to go through multiple fiber jumps or splitting lines to present a complete business through different optical cable segments. It is necessary to manage and display important business light according to the optical cable. Click on a cable segment in the optical path to display the use of all fiber cores in the cable segment, and use different colors to represent the different quality of the core to provide data support for the core business migration.
2. SOR file parsing. The existing fiber core quality management is generally manually entered from collection, and then retained and reported in the form of charts, paper or electronic forms. Too much manual intervention leads to more labor consumption, low data reliability, and it is not easy to establish a unified standard management system. Due to the different analysis functions of different OTDRs, it is difficult to compare data accuracy horizontally and vertically. Through the direct analysis of the SOR file obtained by the OTDR test, excessive manual intervention is avoided, the result standard is analyzed, and the occurrence of coarseness is eliminated.
3. In the quality management of the fiber core, the ODF method is adopted for the business loaded by the fiber core, the length of the fiber core, the loss of the fiber core, the connection mode, etc., to show the connection mode of the upstream and downstream end equipment of the fiber core, and the business loaded by the fiber core is charted and total. At the same time, the relevant data of core quality can represent different categories through different colors, and conveniently query the historical data of the core, or infer the deterioration trend of core through the change of core quality, so as to support the new or maintenance of optical cables.
4. For the massive fiber core data, based on the number of fiber cores in optical cable management, the length of the fiber core in SOR analysis, the loss and the change trend of fiber core quality in the core management, etc., a multi-dimensional and comprehensive statistical analysis of the fiber core data is carried out to obtain a graphical report.
5. Statistical query function. A large amount of data is collected in optical cable routing management. Based on these data, a comprehensive statistical data can be easily obtained for the total length of the optical cable, the length of a certain area or a certain feature, the change trend of the length of the optical cable, etc., and the corresponding graphical report can be displayed according to the statistical results.
(I) Optical cable fault tracker census optical cable routing map
By connecting the optical cable fault tracker at the end of the substation, using the principle of birefringence to track the micro-bending deformation, in the case of continuous business non-destructive optical cable, accurately identify the optical cable and locate the fault, which can wireless docking with the system, data transmission, through the backup fiber core census stock of the routing of the ground power optical cable, locate the maintenance well, and draw Optical cable routing diagram.
The census diagram is shown in Figure 1:
(II) Optical cable patrol analyzer census optical cable
At the same time, we can use a high-end optical cable patrol analyzer to connect multiple optical cable backup fiber cores at the end of the substation at the same time, and connect to the cloud platform through the mobile public network. The on-site operators communicate with the cloud platform in real time through the mobile terminal and operate the state of the optical switch on the patrol analyzer, which can be achieved without opening the well or climbing. In the case of the rod, hit the manhole cover or pole to complete the line cable finding and optical fiber ranging. The optical fiber finder can connect 20 cores\cables at the same time through the optical switch, and can use the APP to remotely operate the equipment and view the measurement results, finally realize the effect of making the dumb resource of the optical cable “sound”.
(III) Multi-stage spectropter routing map of distribution network optical cable
Due to the large number of distribution optical cables, complex routing, multi-stage spectrination and other characteristics, the light decay of some points is serious after multiple connection losses and large initial reflections, which brings certain challenges to the survey and data entry of optical cables.
In view of the multi-stage optical separation of the distribution network optical cable, the optical cable patrol analyzer is directly connected to the switch cabinet, tested and checked through step-by-step measurement and cumulative measurement results, and some optical interfaces with large optical losses are cleaned and maintained to reduce joint loss.
As shown in Figure 3, an optical cable patrol analyzer is installed on the branch of the tree structure, and the routing information of the branch optical cable segment is measured step by step. After adding up the segmented information, a complete distribution network optical cable routing map is finally obtained.
Related: OLT/ONU
III. Scenario Application
(I) Troubleshooting of distribution network optical cable
In September 2020, the palm bridge-Ruiguang switch distribution network optical cable failed. Through the optical time domain reflector test in the site computer room, the results showed that the optical cable failed at 3260 meters from the site.
Since the original operation data is only CAD drawings after the completion of the project, the optical cable passes through various channels such as tunnels, shallow ditches, and drainage pipes in the middle, and the route has changed many times due to municipal construction. It is very difficult to eliminate obstacles. It takes 6 to 8 hours to troubleshoot the fault location using the original method.
Through the rapid fault positioning module in the optical cable analysis auxiliary decision-making system, it took 30 minutes to accurately find the fault location, guide the maintenance personnel to quickly rush to the fault site for optical cable connection, and quickly complete the fault rescue.
(II) Daily optical cable operation and maintenance
The relevant technical personnel of the operation and maintenance team conduct routine tests on the spare core of important optical cables every month, and enter the fiber core number, length, loss, loading business and large loss point location and other information results into the “optical cable auxiliary decision-making system”. The optical cable auxiliary decision-making system can classify all fiber cores according to the average loss. , statistical and graphical display, and output relevant quality change curves according to historical information, warn the optical cable core with large quality changes, which is convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to grasp the status of the idle fiber core, facilitate the decision-making layer to grasp the quality change of the optical cable, improve the bearing capacity of the cable business, and decide whether to lay a new optical cable.
In the past, when the quality of optical cables deteriorated, whether it was necessary to lay optical cables or migrate important businesses often lacked a direct basis, which was not conducive to maximizing the business carrying capacity of existing optical cables, and it was also easy to lay more optical cables, resulting in a waste of resources. The optical cable-assisted decision-making system shows the quality changes of each cable and spare fiber core in a graphical and friendly manner through big data and cloud computing technology, which is convenient for the decision-making layer to make good use of optical cables and save resources.
IV. Effectiveness of use
Through multi-dimensional analysis of the current and historical operation data of each optical cable and its fiber core, the optical cable analysis auxiliary decision-making system shows the quality change trend of optical cable, large attenuation point change of fiber core, core resource margin, failure rate, fault concentration, use cycle and other information, so as to take corresponding measures for the maintenance department in a timely manner. The rectification measures provide guiding data, provide an accurate basis for the replacement/planning of new optical cable lines, and provide reference data for departmental and individual stage assessment.
Due to the huge dumb resource system in the current Chengdu power grid, the accumulation of information is complicated. Through effective big data analysis, fully explore the value of information and improve the overall quality of operation and maintenance.
Based on the principle of “blocking the source, digesting the stock, and keeping the data fresh in real time”, we will fully deepen the development and application of the optical cable analysis auxiliary decision-making system, carry out full life cycle management of optical cable resources, and dynamically collect and manage data information related to operation and maintenance such as optical cable line routing, carrying facilities, fiber core status, etc. And carry out in-depth analysis of the data related to the quality of optical cables and fiber cores and give corresponding treatment opinions, so that the maintenance department can take correct maintenance measures in a timely manner, minimize the probability of serious failure in the transmission line, and achieve “planned, prepared and planned” communication maintenance.
V. Concluding remarks
On the one hand, the optical cable analysis auxiliary decision-making system and concept break the barrier between management and grassroots operation and maintenance personnel, with direct information, clear resource quantity and utilization rate, improving management efficiency and decision-making accuracy, and on the other hand, enhancing the use efficiency and transmission quality of existing line resources and enhancing line operation and maintenance management.
At the same time, it avoids the huge cost investment caused by repeated asset clean-up and routing verification of dynamic information; optimizes line transmission performance to prevent failures; effectively improves the efficiency of obstacle removal and reduces labor costs.
However, due to the problems of redundancy, decentralization and poor consistency of all kinds of information in the power grid, by establishing an effective information management and control system, breaking the information island, realizing information data sharing, and improving the value of information, it is necessary to further promote the interconnection between the optical cable analysis auxiliary decision-making system and TMS and OMS systems in the later stage. .
The interconnection with the TMS system, on the one hand, can synchronize the optical cable ledger, fiber core usage, communication maintenance information, network management monitoring information, etc. to the intelligent management system of optical cable, on the other hand, it can synchronize the communication maintenance ticket and communication maintenance plan to the OMS system; on the one hand, the interconnection with the OMS system can It synchronizes the maintenance information of a line and the new change information to the optical cable intelligent management system as the source of data changes. On the other hand, the main and distribution network blackout information is synchronized to the TMS system.
Through the interconnection of information between various professional information systems, the concept of “one map of communication” is established, and the optical cable analysis auxiliary decision-making system is used as a unified display platform for communication data, digital transformation is implemented, the lean management of communication professionals is strengthened, and Chengdu is contributing to the construction of a strong energy Internet.
